12、What are the most common dry red grape varieties?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Merlot, Shiraz, St. Zuvez, Grenache, Cabernet Sauvignon, Nabiolo, Nebbiolo, Carmenere, Tempranillo, Carmenere, Zinfandel, Muscat, Carmenere, Malbec, Barbera, Sangiovese, Sanciovia, Gernet, Kuojia Duriga, Gernet, Ti Paniou, Mourvedre, Carignan, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinotage, St. Laurent.
13、What are the most common dry white grape varieties?
Chardonnay, Mesclin, Perpetual, Vaseline, White briar, Joan of Arc, Pinot Gris, Semillon, Muscat, Muscat, Pinot Blanc, Violin, Cajun, Riesling, Viognier, Guztamina, Silvagni, Miletto, Rose, Mishkad, Neil Blanc, Marvasi, Palomino, Luqui.
14、Why do wines need to be sealed with cork?
The reason for sealing with cork is to prevent a lot of air from entering the bottle and to ensure the quality of the wine. Cork is low density, flexible, impervious to water, anti-corrosion, anti-decomposition, etc. When used to seal the neck of the bottle, the cork will expand when it comes into contact with the wine, blocking the gap of the bottle neck and preventing the wine from leaking.
15、Learn to taste wine?
Wine tasting and tea tasting are similar, they are also three steps: color, smell and tea tasting.
Look at the color: Tilt the glass 45° to see the color, luster and clarity of the wine.
Smell: Shake the glass counterclockwise to release the wine’s aromas. Stick your nose into the glass and sniff gently a few times
Tasting: Take a deep sip and let the wine swirl around in your mouth and reach all parts of your mouth.
16. What is the point of wine tasting?
First, note the shape of the wine label: when tasting wine, you must use a tall glass. There are two types of red wine glasses, the Bordeaux glass and the Burgundy glass. The Bordeaux glass is relatively tall and has a narrower mouth than the Burgundy glass, thus retaining the aroma of the Bordeaux wine.
The Burgundy glass is large and round, about the same height and width, with a wider mouth than the Bordeaux glass, making it suitable for full-bodied wines. White wine glasses have a longer body and thinner belly. Champagne glasses are long and slender, with a sharp point at the bottom.
Second, pay attention to the texture and color of the glass. When tasting wine, choose a clear, colorless glass that is even, smooth, clean and free of marks and air bubbles. Crystal wine glasses are the best choice.
17、What is the best temperature for drinking wine?
A: The drinking of wine follows the principle of “white wine should be chilled, while red wine can be served at room temperature”.
Chilled white wines are more refreshing and can be served at temperatures between 10°-14°. Red wines can be served at room temperature, i.e. before heating, at about 16°-20°. Champagne can be served at 6°-9°.
18、Why does wine feel sour?
The main components of wine are water, alcohol, acids, tannins, pigments, and small amounts of sugar, amino acids, proteins, and vitamins. Alcohol gives the wine a slightly sweet taste and gives it a mellow flavor. Acids play an important role in the acidity of the wine and balance the palate. Tannins and pigments have an impact on the structure and color of the wine, especially tannins which are astringent and give the wine a dry feel.
White wines are peeled and fermented. Most of the product is not stored in oak barrels. The aromas are fresh and the flavors are relatively simple. However, some unripe wines, like unripe grapes, have a strong acidity.
Red wines are fermented on the skins and in oak barrels. The longer the grape juice is in contact with the skins and oak, the higher the tannin content in the wine and the more astringent the taste.
19、How do I taste wine?
Gently inhale a small amount of wine and stir it in your mouth to fill your mouth. Different parts of the mouth feel different flavors. The tip of the tongue is sensitive to sweetness, the two sides of the tongue are sensitive to salt, the two sides near the root of the tongue are sensitive to acid, and the root of the tongue is sensitive to bitterness.
Second, swallow the wine slowly and feel the aftertaste after it enters the throat. The aftertaste plays an important role in determining the grade and quality of a wine. A good wine has a long, complex, full-bodied aftertaste.
Third, assess the overall balance of the wine.
20. How do I appreciate the color of a wine?
There are two ways to appreciate the color of a wine: chroma and hue. Chroma refers to the depth of color. Tone includes a variety of colors and their different combinations. The technical term for white wine color includes straw yellow, golden yellow, amber, dark yellow, etc. The color of red wines includes ruby red, magenta, black red, brick red, etc. The color of pink wine includes rosé, orange, yellow rosé, purple rose, etc.
21、What is the aroma of wine?
There are three types of wine aromas, depending on their source.
One type of aroma comes from the grape berries and is called fruit aroma or varietal aroma.
The second comes from the fermentation process and is called wine aroma or fermentation box aroma.
The three types of aromas produced by aging are called mellow aromas or aging aromas.
According to the type of aromas, they can be divided into eight categories.
① Animal aromas, including game, fat, meat, musk, etc.
② Balsam scent refers to the fragrance of aromatic plants, including all resin, vanilla, pine oil, benzoin, etc.
③ burning odor, including smoke, baking smell, dry bread smell, hay smell, coffee smell, wood smell, etc.
④ Chemical odor, including alcohol, vinegar, oxidation, yeast, phenol, iodine microorganisms, etc.
⑤ Spices, including pepper, cinnamon, ginger, licorice, mint and other scents
⑥ floral fragrance, including all floral fragrances, such as rose, jasmine, acacia, grape, etc.
(7) Fruit scents, including all fruit flavors, such as currant, apple, strawberry, cherry, pomegranate, apricot, banana, etc.
(8) Plant and mineral aromas, including grass, fallen leaves, mushrooms, wet soil, green leaves, etc.
22、What is the effect of oak barrels on the flavor of wine?
Wines aged in oak barrels become softer, more delicate and richer in flavor. This is due to the special wood structure of oak barrels. Oxygen can enter the wine through the pores of the barrel and cause a beneficial oxidation reaction, which changes the astringency of the wine.
Secondly, the use of different tree species and process of oak barrels, and in the wine wine added a variety of pleasant aromas, such as vanilla, cocoa, coffee, etc..
Third, toasted oak also deepens the color of the wine, making it more pleasant.
Not all wines are suitable for storage in oak barrels, especially those made from younger grapes, which hide the wine’s unique aromas when stored in oak, but this is not good.
Do you want to drink Sprite wine?
The addition of carbonated beverages such as Sprite and Coke to wine destroys the original richness and fruitiness of the wine on the one hand, and on the other hand, the addition of large amounts of sugar and gas can affect the nutrition and potency of the grapes.
Wine has a lot of substance and its unique qualities are the result of the winemaker’s efforts. At first, we were not used to the acidity of wine, which is why people added Sprite and Coke. However, we always drank the same wine, which is a real disservice to the winemaker’s work. We should learn to get used to the taste of wine and learn to compare and appreciate different styles of wine so that we can have more fun.
